基于三維點(diǎn)云的高壓電纜接頭外徑測(cè)量算法研究
許鵬程，梅云初，吳奕鍇，王建軍，李天嬌，鄭鈺川，高敬貝
(國(guó)網(wǎng)上海市電力公司培訓(xùn)中心，上海 200438)
摘 要 ：針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)二維圖像方法在高壓電纜接頭表面不規(guī)則及遮擋條件下存在精度不足的問(wèn)題，提出一種基于三維點(diǎn)云的電纜接頭外徑參數(shù)提取算法，包括點(diǎn)云姿態(tài)歸一化、雙向切片局部區(qū)域構(gòu)建、曲率加權(quán)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)提取及對(duì)稱(chēng)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)配對(duì)外徑估計(jì)等步驟。在真實(shí)接頭點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)集上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，結(jié)果表 明：該方法在完整、遮擋及降采樣等不同工況下均表現(xiàn)出較好的魯棒性與精度，平均測(cè)量誤差為 0.40 mm， 處理效率隨數(shù)據(jù)量呈線(xiàn)性變化，能夠滿(mǎn)足工程應(yīng)用對(duì)精度與效率的雙重要求。
關(guān)鍵詞 ： 三維點(diǎn)云 ；高壓電纜 ；外徑測(cè)量 ；關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)提取 ；曲率加權(quán)
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) ：TM726.4 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 ：A 文章編號(hào) ：1007-3175(2025)12-0053-05
Research on Outer Diameter Measurement Algorithm of High-Voltage Cable Joint Based on 3D Point Cloud
XU Peng-cheng, MEI Yun-chu, WU Yi-kai, WANG Jian-jun, LI Tian-jiao, ZHENG Yu-chuan, GAO Jing-bei
（Training Center of State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200438, China）
Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the traditional 2D image method has insufficient accuracy under the irregular surface of high-voltage cable joints and occlusion conditions, an algorithm based on 3D point cloud for extracting the outer diameter parameters of cable joints is proposed, including the steps of point cloud pose normalization, two-way slice local area construction, curvature weighted key point extraction and symmetrical key point pairing outer diameter estimation. Experimental validation on real joint point cloud datasets demonstrates that this method exhibits robust performance and high accuracy under various conditions, including complete coverage, occlusion, and downsampling. The average measurement error is 0.40 mm, and processing efficiency scales linearly with data volume. This approach effectively meets the dual requirements of precision and efficiency demanded by engineering applications.
Key words: 3D point cloud; high-voltage cable; outer diameter measurement; key point extraction; curvature weighted
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